Cicla su tutti gli elementi della lista corrente

<xsl:template match="chap">
 <xsl:for-each select="p">
  <xsl:value-of select=".">
 </xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>

equivale a (senza una regola)

<xsl:template match="chap">
  <xsl:apply-templates select="p"/>
</xsl:templates>

<xsl:template match="p"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </xsl:templates>